Ultrasonic flow transmitter working principle | Seeking an English document on the design of an ultrasonic rangefinder based on a microcontroller (with a Chinese translation for more beauty, haha... | Gas flow meter)

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1. Ultrasonic level gauge? Ultrasonic level gauge is a digital level instrument controlled by a microprocessor. In measurement, ultrasonic pulses are emitted by sensors (transducers), and the sound waves are reflected by the liquid surface and received by the same sensor or ultrasonic receiver. They are converted into electrical signals through piezoelectric crystals or magnetostrictive devices, and the distance from the sensor to the measured liquid surface is calculated based on the time between the emission and reception of the sound waves. Due to the use of non-contact measurement, the measured medium is almost unrestricted and can be widely used for measuring the height of various liquid and solid materials. The principle requires that when the ultrasonic level gauge is working, high-frequency pulse sound waves are emitted by the transducer (probe) and reflected off the surface of the measured object (water surface). The reflected echo is received by the same transducer (probe) and converted into an electrical signal. The time between pulse transmission and reception (the motion time of sound waves) is proportional to the distance from the transducer to the surface of the object. The relationship between the distance S of sound wave transmission, the speed of sound C, and the transmission time T can be expressed by the formula: S=C X T/2. When installing an ultrasonic level gauge, the blind spot problem of the ultrasonic level gauge must be considered. When the liquid level enters the blind zone, the ultrasonic transmitter cannot measure the liquid level. Therefore, when determining the range of the ultrasonic level gauge, a margin of 50 centimeters must be left. When installing, the transmitter probe must be about 50 centimeters higher than the highest liquid level. This is the only way to ensure accurate monitoring of the liquid level and ensure the safety of the ultrasonic level gauge. In practical use, due to inadequate installation considerations, the level gauge was submerged in water, resulting in complete damage to the level gauge. Low price, small size and light weight, it can be used in food, chemical, semiconductor and other industries for liquid and bulk solids non-contact level measurement, and it can be used in remote level monitoring and pump control. When installing machinery, attention should be paid to: the installation should be perpendicular to the surface of the measured object, to avoid measuring foam objects, and to avoid being installed at a distance less than the blind area distance from the surface of the measured object (blind area: each product will have a standard, which will be known with the product). It should be considered that the beam should avoid the barrier substances and not meet the tank mouth and container wall. When detecting large solids, the probe orientation should be adjusted to reduce the measurement error

2. Ultrasonic level gauge? Water and sewage treatment: pump room, collection well, biochemical reaction tank, sedimentation tank, etc. Electricity, mining: mortar pool, coal slurry pool, water treatment, etc. Ultrasonic level gauge is a monitoring instrument that measures the height of liquid, tank height, and material position. The instrument itself can adopt two-wire, three wire or four wire technology. The two-wire system is: power supply and signal output are shared; The three wire system is: the power supply circuit and the signal output circuit are independent. When u

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